Vol. 2, Number 3, 2006

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O. V. Lukyanov
Dispersion of extrass from the caldrons of the in-plants systems of heat supply in the conditions of city building

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The modern state of communal enterprises of thermal energy is considered. The features of the use of caldrons of small power are explored in the in-plants systems of heat supply from the thermal and ecological points of view.. A conclusion is grounded , that most influence on distribution of contaminations gives the transfer of them directionally by winds streams. Therefore on distribution of contaminents in settlements configuration of buildings influences in building and the breaks formed by them, and which determine direction and flowrate winds both inwardly and outside of building. The question of choice of place of location of thermal energy sources is analysed in the conditions of existent city building. It is well-proved that for providing safe ecological terms of environment it is necessary to know a size dispersion of muddy extrass and quality of ventilation of court space.
Key words: extrass, in-plant system heat supply, building, wind shadow, dispersion, wind stream.
 

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S. G. Kuznetsov, I. I. Ananyan
Grounding of maximum parameters of necessary territories around residential building in the conditions of reconstruction 

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The intensification of using districts territory of the reconstructed dwelling area is closely connected with the choice of rational structure of floor and effective use of a lot of land of dwelling building. In connection with it, it is very necessary to extend of range of possible methods of transformation of city building. Side by side with the reconstruction, foreseeing different variants, — from tearing down and major repairing of buildings to corps enlargement of building, completion of additional sections, building on of new floors and mansards, — it is necessary to examine possibility of active plugging in the structure of the reconstructed dwellings of new housing building of effective types of little-floor houses for highly-dense building. That requires to select a lot of land functionally suitable for the compactness of building and meet sanitary-hygienic requirements. Modern norms of calculation of parameters of necessary territories around residential buildings are considered in the article. Methodological approach to determination of maximum of possible indexes of capacity of residential built up area, allowing to set these indexes on the pre-project stage, coming from town-planning descriptions of dwelling buildings of every group of floor is analyzed.
Key words: household territory, specific index of area, capacity of residential built up area, functional sufficientness, housing fund, building compactness, condominium.
 

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S. V. Kozhemyaka, D. O. Khokhryakova
Increase of service life of ferro-concrete columns of the operating industrial enterprises  

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Difficulty of reuse or recycling of failed ferroconcrete designs forms the basis for increase of service life of such designs by their strengthening. The main precondition of successful work on strengthening of designs is the correct estimation of initial data about condition of the object, carrying ability and reasons of damages. On the basis of analysis and generalizations of data on inspection of maintained objects, there have been considered basic combinations of defects of columns. The calculation of a residual resource of column with defects influence and constructive decisions on strengthening were carried out by means of the program “Construction superintendent”. Analysis of technology of strengthening with the use of materials of conducting world manufacturers is executed. The different methods on the basis of working budget norms estimation of cost, strengthening and columns are given. Character of influence of defects of ferroconcrete columns on the cost of works for their strengthening is established.
Key words: service life, defects, residual bearing ability, strengthening.
 

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S. S. Zhukovskyi, O. V. Kinash
Determination of minimal single consumption of outer air for halls and auditoriums conditioning 

National University «Lvivska polytekhnika»
Abstract. The article deals with the heat comfort for halls and auditoriums. It is determined that consumption of outer air change widely according to the place of air distributors, their types (constructive peculiarities) and temperature difference of air in the zone of service and incoming air.
Key words: outer air consumption, conditioning, heat comfort, outer temperatures, air distribution.
 

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V. I. Nezdoyminov, V. S. Rozhkov
Sewage reuse in recycling water supply systems 

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Questions of an opportunity of biologically cleared fecal and industrially-storm sewage reuse for backfeed of turnaround systems of cooling water supply are considered; ways of consumed technical water reduction and scale formation reduction due to biological nitrification in recycled systems are offered. Settlement-experimental graphic dependence between evaporation factor and the maximal admissible concentration of ammonium nitrogen in backfeed water is received. The optimum evaporation factor in turnaround systems of coke enterprises with the minimal scaling intensity is determined. Basic schemes of faces and industrially-storm sewage clearing are offered.
Key words: ammonium nitrogen, sulfates, nitrification, evaporation factor, corrosion, scale formation.
 

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O. I. Serdyuk, V. V. Belousova, N. V. Isayeva-Partsvaniya
Methods of influence on kinetics of cathode processes at the electrochemical processing of the worked lead-acid accumulator 

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The necessity of search for the used lead-acid accumulator processing technology is grounded in the article, and also the problems standing on the way of application of electrochemical method of the given type of wastes processing are reflected. Pre-conditions of the processing efficiency increase of the used lead-acid accumulator, and also improvements of technological parameters and the process environmental safety increase of the electrochemical lead-acid accumulators processing, due to application of electrolyte with additions of superficial-active matters, providing high speed of cathode processes at processing of the plumbous mass of the used lead-acid accumulator, are considered. The advantages of the electrochemical lead-acid accumulator scrap processing method are described. In the article the tasks for the solution of the problem of accumulator processing by the indicated method are also put, and also the results of laboratory experiment with application of the electrochemical lead-acid batteries processing method are represented.
Key words: lead-acid accumulators processing, processing methods, electrochemical plumbous wastes processing method, additives.