V. N. Levchenko, D. V. Levchenko, V. F. Kirichenko, V. V. Zaychenko
Analysis of methods for the determination of economic efficiency of increasing corrosion resistance of materials and durability of building structures
The Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article reviews the national and foreign investigations of the methods for the determination and consideration of the maintenance costs on the rust protection of structures at the operating plants. There are analyzed plans and specifications of the economic estimation of the construction designs developed by the CIS leading research institutes. At the same time there are considered spatial-layout and structural design projects. Plans and specifications of the economic estimation of building structure rust protection are analyzed separately. A detailed analysis of the BC 423-71 Instruction for determining the efficiency of capital investments into construction and its drawbacks in some statements is given.There have been presented the principles of determining the absolute and relative economic efficiency of increasing durability and corrosion resistance of structures at different stages of designing and manufacturing.
Key words: economic efficiency, capital investments, rust protection, durability of structures, resistance of materials, optimum way of protection.
Radim Cajka, Petr Manasek
Changes in nclosing panel stress state after an addItional facade overcladding
Technical university of Ostrava
Abstract. Because of changes in indoor and, in particular, in outdoor temperatures during a year, external components of a structure undergo a temperature gradient influence. D ifference between the temperatures of indoor and outdoor surfaces can be considerable. This phenomenon is mainly typical for panel buildings without covering. Temperature changes result directly in volume changes of components accompanied with cracks in the gaps between the panels. In the process of reconstruction of building panels, there is performed a rather costly filling of cracks and mounting of overcladding. The overcladding itself considerably reduces thermal gradient, volume changes, and cracks between the panels. Therefore, the overcladding can be regarded as a part of recovery works , and the question is whether cracks should be fill ed as well.
Key words: cracks, panel buildings, thermal gradient, overcladding, volume changes.
V. I. Bratchun, D.V. Gulyak, V. L. Bespalov, М.К. Pakter, O. E. Samoylova
On the physical and chemical phenomena taking place at a technological aging of tar concrete mixtures
The Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
The Ukrainian research institute of plastics
Abstract. There is studied the dynamics of aging of organic binders of the coal origin on the substrates characterized by a chemico-mineralogical composition and porosity (granite, limestone). There has been found out a contribution of the coal road tar into aging by a loss of evaporation mass, a surface sorption of a mineral material (MM) and diffusion into the MM capillary-porous space, aggregation and oxipolycondensation of organic binder components at thermostating for 200 hours at 100 0 С . Phase transformations of the second type and thermo-gravimetric characteristics of tar-binding and asphalt-binding substances were studied by the scanning calorimetry and TGJ methods.
Key words: dynamics of aging, thermostating, organic binders, mineral material, tar-binding and asphalt-binding substances.
V.I. Lesnoy
Methods of Water Well Flow Recovery
The Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Now such an alternative source of water supply as underground water is even more often used. In particular, water wells are most frequently used in rural areas far from city water supply systems, as well as in cottage settlements, boarding houses, sanatoria, etc. When operated, the well output (flow) decreases quickly and long ago there raised a question on the ways of well flow recovery. The existing methods of water well flow recovery are described in the article. Their advantages and disadvantages are determined and on this basis the most effective method of influencing upon a well filter and a filter area is selected . There was made an analysis of the ways referring to the given method, and an optimum technology of water well flow recovery of water wells was determined.
Key words: water well, well filters, well filter area, colmatation, well output (flow), recovery of output (flow), pneumo-explosion, stress.
A. A. Polischuk
Principles of Constructivism in the Architecture of Culture and Leisure Institutions in Donetsk
The Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. There are analysed and systematized the results of the research of culture and leisure institutions built in the town of Donetsk on the basis of the constructivism principles. There is given a brief account of the historical background of the formation of the objects under study. There are determined the characteristic means and techniques of the layout, and planning elements in the functional buildings under study. On the base of the research results there have been picked out the basic factors of the functional method of designing. There are considered 3-D arrangements of the existing constructivist institutions of culture and leisure in Donetsk characterized by dismemberment, dextrality and dynamics. The determinating factors of a 3-D arrangement of constructivist buildings are configuration of a displacement time diagram, a mutual location of different sizes into which a functional process was dismembered, a dependence of a planning structure on a displacement time diagram. The investigations performed give every reason to consider the object on the principles of constructivism as a significant phenomenon both for the Donbas and Ukraine.
Key words: 3-D arrangement, dextrality , displacement time diagram , displacement time diagram constructivism principles, techniques of arrangement, functional method of planning, functional buildings.