Viktor Nezdoyminov, Vitaly Zyatina, Vitaly Rozhkov, Vyacheslav Lesnoy
The Mathematical Description of The Main Factors Influencing on the Formation of Suspended Sediment Layer in Desilter
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The mathematical description of the process of forming of suspended mineralized bed of activated sludge at desilters has been given. A classification of the main zones of suspended layer desilter, having suspended bed of mineralized activated sludge has been done. We introduced the dimensionless scaling factor weighted height layer for different values of porosity weighted layer, introduced the concept of «imaginary» layer of activated sludge porosity, which can be determined experimentally by indirect parameters and by substituting the known dependence show adequate results of calculations. Obtained dependences are the theoretical basis for the subsequent experimental studies to obtain a semi-empirical relationships for floating sludge bed height, its porosity and carrying capacity of the desilters depending on the concentration and characteristics of the activated sludge inlet. The theoretical position can be applied not only to the active mineralized sludge, but for any of sewage sludge (primary, secondary, fermented, etc.).
Keywords: desilting, weighted layer of activated sludge, the height of the weighted layer, the porosity of suspended layer.
Roman Rybalko, Andrey Kralin
Researches of Air Classification of Bulk Materials in Dry Grinding Aggregates in the Two-Stage Separator
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Workflows classification of bulk materials in grinding dry grinding units has been analyzed. For this reason, we proposed a new type of two-stage separator of increased efficiency, having homogeneity adjusting fractional composition of material by the effect of turbulence in the separation zone. The interaction of the working bodies of the machine with the particles of the material has been considered; the mechanism of evolution of turbulent structures of two-phase flow has been studied; dependence of interaction of the airflow with the individual particles of the crushed material has been determined; the character of the distribution of the concentration of particles of different fractions depending on the aerodynamic characteristics of the machine elements has been studied. The main results of experimental studies of air separation of bulk materials in a new two-stage separator on the laboratory bench and advanced industrial designs have been given. The effect of the two-phase flow rate, the size of the lattice design of large-scale extinction vortex structures and division borders on separation efficiency have been analyzed. An expression for the equilibrium particle diameter, which is the conditional measure of the ratio of the mass and aerodynamic force at the point of flow has been achieved. Found vortex radius value after passing the grille has been found out. The basic aerodynamic parameters, considered separator design have been determined, it has been concluded that it is worked.
Keywords: dry bulk materials, air classification, separator, air flow.
Vitaliy Ostapenko a, Dmitriy Ostapenko b, Alexandr Lukyanov b
Schemes of Battery Life Latent Heat in Heating Systems with Boilers of Fossil Fuels
a OOO RMN, b Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Energy saving, rational use of natural resources, renewable energy, reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment are important aspects of human existence. They can be combined in one common property of all modern energy-saving settings have frequency operation (peaks and dips in power consumption and generation), depending on their application. Thus, an integral task of the issue of energy conservation is a challenge balancing processes of energy generation and consumption in time due to its accumulation. One of the most promising areas of technology accumulation of thermal energy is now considered by the accumulation of the phenomenon of phase transition in the melting-crystallization of the material. Using the heat of fusion for heat storage provides high density of stored energy when small changes in temperature and sufficiently stable temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the heat accumulator.
Keywords: heat, fossil fuels, battery heat of the phase transition (ATFP), circuit connecting the battery heat, reduction of harmful emissions, reduction of capital costs.
Volodymyr Mushchanov, Anatoliy Yugov, Andrii Tymoshko
On the Classification of Actions During Execution
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article analyzes the current state of the question of classification of actions, arising during execution of buildings, in Europe and post-soviet countries: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. According to the results of this analysis, majority of publications do not consider the question of classification of such actions. The paper contains the only existing in standards classification of actions during execution according to Eurocode 1991-1-6. Disadvantages of this classification were clearly defined and refinements and additions to it on the basis of specificities of national standards and design traditions in post-soviet countries were made: a 2 additional classification parameters – by the emergence reasons and by the probable direction were proposed, the list of actions considered in the classification were updated and extended and some adjustments to the classification of certain actions according to Eurocode 1991-1-6 were also made.
Keywords: lassification, actions, execution, building, classification parameter, Eurocode, national standards.
Alla Bumaga, Valeriy Bratchun, Evgeniy Konopatskiy
Optimization of the Combined Aggregate Fine Concrete Methods BN-Calculation
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. We propose a method of processing and analysis of experimental and statistical information. Geometric and computer models which describe the influence of the quantitative composition of the aggregates on the physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete has been obtained on the basis of this information. A special feature of this geometric model is that the filler is a mixture combined with various equity participation of its components, and the total involvement of all three components is 100 %. The analysis and computer models of mathematical analysis methods have provided the optimization of the combined aggregate of industrial waste to obtain the necessary design of physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete. Experimental data has resulted in obtaining the composition of the equity of the combined aggregate that provides the maximum limit compressive strength of concrete at a relatively low density.
Keywords: composition of the combined aggregate, fine-grained concrete, compressive strength, concrete density, extremum point equations, optimization, response surface.