Uchkun Gaziev, Shavkat Rakhimov
Backfill Mixtures using Waste from Uzbekistan Mining and Metallurgical Plant
Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Abstract. The article presents the optimal compositions and properties of backfill mixtures using waste rock sand, marble processing waste and copper smelting slag. It has been established that, in terms of their physical and mechanical characteristics, stowing mixtures based on waste are not inferior to mixtures based on natural materials. An analysis of previous studies has shown that very important positive results have been achieved in the field of improving energy efficiency and creating resource-saving technologies in the production of backfill mixtures to fill the mined-out spaces formed during ore mining. However, taking into account the tasks set for the mining industry of the Republic of doubling the extraction of minerals and the related analysis of the scientific results obtained on the development of energy and resource-saving technologies involving the use of industrial waste shows that in studies aimed at developing compositions of effective mixtures, in particular on obtaining backfill mixtures based on secondary products and chemical additives, there are insufficiently studied scientific problems, which indicates the need for a deeper study of these issues.
Keywords: backfill mixture, optimal compositions, copper smelting slags, marble processing waste, additive, waste rock sand.
Aleksandr Khalyushev, Alla Smolyanichenko
Development of Dry Construction Mix with Added Biochar from Rice Straw
Don State Technical University
Abstract. When addressing the issue of recycling rice farm waste in order to reduce the negative impact on the environment during their incineration, a number of areas of possible application of these wastes in various sectors of the economy have emerged. One of these areas is the use of rice straw biochar as an additive in dry cement mix. Today, both natural mineral materials and synthetic waste from various industries are used as similar additives. The use of additives has a different purpose – either to correct the initial quality of the mixture, or to increase the amount of the finished mixture without reducing its original quality. The article presents the physicochemical and qualitative properties of the claimed dry cement mixture, on the basis of which one can draw a conclusion about the prospect of its use in construction.
Keywords: dry mortar, rice straw, biochar, carbonation.
Yurii Novichkov
Increase of Efficiency of Technological Equipment for Processing of Threadbare Motor-Vehicle and Tractor Tires Method of Low Temperature Pyrolysis
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper considers the efficiency of technological equipment for processing automotive tires by low-temperature pyrolysis. The analysis of modern pyrolysis reactors, applied for processing of threadbare tires has been conducted. The theoretical substantiation of the efficiency of the continuous pyrolysis reactor of the proposed design for the disposal of large-sized worn-out automotive tires without their preliminary grinding has been performed. Based on the analysis of studies of technological parameters of tire rubber destruction, the quantitative yield of secondary tire pyrolysis products was determined depending on the reactor design and its loading options. It has been obtained the mathematical dependences that characterize the change in the amount of processed raw materials from time to time. Theoretical studies have shown the prospects for the development and application of a continuous-action reactor (RND) with a «simple» loading, as the most efficient, taking into account the reduced energy consumption and high volume indicators of secondary tire pyrolysis products.
Keywords: motor-vehicle and tractor tires, processing, pyrolysis, reactor, load, productivity, products of pyrolysis, efficiency.
Viktoriia Mazur, Maria Chayka
Influence of the Geometric Shape and Design Parameters of Frameless Arched Coverings on Air Mobility in the Ventilated Layer
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The work is devoted to determining the influence of the geometric shape and design parameters of frameless arched coverings on air mobility in a ventilated layer by experimental static modeling of air mobility in a ventilated air layer. Numerical simulation is performed using the SolidWorks software package for modeling the flow of liquids and gases based on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equation. The trajectories of wind flows, patterns of changes in speed and wind pressure when flowing around frameless arched coverings of different geometric shapes are shown, and the values of external air flow parameters at control points are determined. It is established that the geometric shape affects not only the air velocity in the ventilated layer, but also its direction. It was found that an increase in the height of the arch for semicircular coverings and coverings with two curves leads to an increase in the air velocity at the entrance to the vent, and for gable arches – on the contrary, to a decrease.
Keywords: insulated frameless arched coating, geometric shape of the coating, structural parameters of the coating, ventilated layer, air mobility, air flow direction.
Nickolay Sholukh, Alina Sinyakova, Ekaterina Satsura
Expert Estimation of Results of Activity of Donbass Scientific School in the Field of Design and Construction for the Needs of Disabled and Elderly People: Results of Competitions of Diploma Works of Graduates of Architectural Specialties
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article briefly covers the content of some thesis of graduates of the faculty of architecture of Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, who participated in all-Ukrainian and international competitions held in a number of domestic and foreign architectural and construction universities in the period from 2006 to 2018. Special attention is paid to the disclosure of the theoretical and practical significance of competitive master’s works awarded with diplomas of the I-th and II-th degrees or marked in any other positive way by leading specialists of research and design institutes, representatives of specialized departments of universities of the corresponding profile. It is shown that one of the priority activities of the Donbas scientific school – training of specialists in the field of design and construction for the needs of low – mobility groups of the population-is highly evaluated by independent external experts both at the regional and international levels. Based on the review of the data presented, it is concluded that the noted achievements of the Donbas scientific school are recognized among a wide range of leading domestic and foreign scientists and specialists engaged in the study of problems of a similar or similar nature.
Keywords: persons with disabilities and other limited mobility groups of the population, the universal and the specific demands of the adaptation, reconstruction and new construction, facilities rehabilitation and special social functions, Donbas scientific school, diploma projects of graduates of architectural disciplines, educational levels, social and humanistic orientation, direction, national and international contests, declared nomination and peer-review, confirmation of scientific and practical value.