Alexey Grigor’ev, Vladimir Moskalenko
Inrospective Architecture of a Closed Cycle Residential Environment. Alternative Design and Construction
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The scientific research highlights the problem of modern use and development of architectural and spatial environment formation of typical residential buildings in domestic and foreign practice, introspective living environment of a sustainable type, as an alternative architecture, and some comparative assessment of compliance with modern criteria for the quality of residential buildings. The authors have identified the problems of instability of the existing residential typology in the socio-economic aspect, in modern conditions of human activity, acutely manifested by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a limited radius of infrastructure use. The emphasis is also placed on the trends in the world practice of design and construction of an alternative closed-cycle dwelling. Some scientific and practical terminology has been formed due to the formation of an introspective closed-loop environment. Based on the results of the analytical developments which were carried out, the conclusion is made about the expediency of more proactive improvement and implementation of the considered typologies of alternative living environment in order to improve the quality of living conditions of users in the urban structure.
Keywords: introspection, architectural environment, living formations, infrastructure, city, COVID pandemic, alternative housing, closed cycle, sustainable living environment.
Vladislav Nefedov
Influence of Mineral Filler on Degree of Crystalline Secondary Polyethylene Terephthalate
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. To determine the effect of a dispersed filler in the form of hydraulic ash removal on the degree of crystallinity of secondary polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a comparative analysis was carried out for PET in its original form (flakes obtained by grinding PET bottles) and after the processes of making samples of polymer composite material (PCM) by thermoforming. The degree of crystallinity of the initial secondary PET was determined from the intensity of the characteristic peaks in the IR spectrogram. For PCM samples, the intensity of the peaks was determined from the data of X-ray phase analysis (XRD). Additionally, to confirm the results obtained by the above methods, the degree of crystallinity was determined by measuring the density of the samples. The results of X-ray phase analysis indicate a significant effect of the filler in the form of hydro-removal ash on the supramolecular structure of secondary PET, in particular, an increase in the degree of crystallinity when PET is filled with modified hydro-removal ash by 24,39 % in comparison with the unfilled polymer.
Keywords: polymer composite material, recycled polyethylene terephthalate, ash from thermal power plants, degree of crystallinity.
Irina Petrik, Nikolay Zaichenko, Victor Gubar
Frost Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of Heavy Concrete with a High Content of Enriched TPP Ash
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The results of the study of frost resistance and corrosion resistance of normal weight cement concrete with high volume of beneficiated fly ash (50 % replacement of Portland cement) are presented. The use of beneficiated fly ash makes it possible to reduce the percentage of Portland cement, to modify the composition of hydration products of binder, to increase the density of the structure, and, as well, strength and durability of concrete. It has been established that the beneficiating process of fly ash by electrostatic separation provides getting the pozzolanic additive with low percentage of unburned carbon for a high level of Portland cement replacement in concrete. An increased frost resistance and corrosion resistance of concrete with a partial replacement of Portland cement by beneficiated fly ash is achieved by the adding of the air-entraining additive Sika® Aer Pro-100, which ensures the formation of small air pores evenly distributed throughout the volume of concrete. On the other hand, the ART-CONCRIT R superplasticizer compensates decreasing concrete strength as well as beneficiated fly ash provides the formation of low-basic calcium hydrosilicates in the structure of cement paste.
Keywords: concrete, fly ash, electrostatic separation, superplasticizer, air-entraining additive, corrosion resistance, frost resistance.
Dmitry Buchinkov, Anastasia Litvinenko, Sergey Lakhtaryna, Elena Yegorova,
Evgeny Bobyliev
Application of Ash and Waste Ash as a Mineral Additive for a Cement Binder
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper investigates the effect of partial replacement of Portland cement with mineral additives of technogenic origin: fly ash from Zuevskaya TPP, ground dump ash and slag mixture of Zuevskaya TPP and ground dump ash and slag mixture of Starobeshevskaya TPP in a percentage ratio of 10…30 %. Studies have shown that the introduction of 10 % to 30 % of one of the types of ash into the composition of the cement binder does not affect the uniformity of the volume change. All the studied compositions of the binder stone have rather high values of the ultimate compressive strength, both in the early and late periods of hardening. Thus, the possibility and expediency of partial replacement of cement with fly ash or dump ground ash and slag mixture from coal combustion at thermal power plants has been proved. Also, alternative binders can increase the raw material base for cement preparation and reduce the damage caused to the environment during its production.
Keywords: cement binder, ash and slag mixture, fly ash, strength, normal density, degree of hydration.
Alexander Barmotin a, Valentina Taran b
Structural and Organizational and Technological Solutions for the Construction of Enclosing Wall Structures during the Reconstruction of Frame Buildings
a Donetsk Design and Survey Institute of Railway Transport «DONZHELDORPROEKT», b Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The method of replacing wall structures using new individual forms, structures and materials is most often used in the reconstruction of frame buildings. The paper considers 6 basic design solutions for the device of wall enclosing structures, obtained the main technical and economic indicators. It was found that there is no constructive solution that is optimal in all respects. An increase in the efficiency of the device of such structures based on the application of a technical and economic comparison of different design options is possible only taking into account the organizational and technological features. To achieve this goal, a methodology for choosing rational solutions for the device of wall enclosing structures has been developed, which makes it possible to consistently analyze all key indicators. As the main stages of the methodology, the architectural and constructive, organizational and technological solutions and technical and economic indicators (labor intensity, duration of work, cost of materials and work) are determined.
Keywords: constructive solutions, wall enclosing structures, technical and economic indicators, method of choosing a rational solution.