Jamilya Imamaliyeva
Disaster Recovery Planning of Destructive Consequences of Natural Disasters
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction
Abstract. As a formal document, disaster recovery plan contains strategies to minimize the effects of a disaster, help an organization to quickly resume key operations or continue to operate. Disaster recovery plan, which created by an organization that contains detailed instructions on how to respond to unplanned natural hazards. The vulnerability of a country, a population, or a building is measured by how susceptible to harm or loss it is in the face of a hazard. The risk is estimated by measuring the probable occurrence of a natural hazard of certain intensity against the vulnerability of the exposed elements. For example, a building is at risk during an earthquake impacts when the earthquake (hazard) is strong enough to damage or destroy the building, also when buildings were built without seismic-resistant construction techniques (vulnerability) in the design. Risk management is important factor to creating a disaster recovery plan. In this work natural disasters which are the tragedy for all state, and, especially for those regions of the country where they arise are investigated. The correct behavior of the population at natural disasters relying on knowledge of bases of civil defense is a basis of decrease in human losses and material damage. In article it is noted that actions of the population at natural disasters and at elimination of their consequences have to carry out in strict accordance with instructions of bodies of civil defense.
Keywords: natural disaster, material damages, earthquakes, antiseismic buildings, landslides, blizzards.
Viktoriia Mazur
Classification Structure of Roofing Systems of Buildings and Structures with Spatial Curvilinear Coatings
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is known that the basis for choosing a constructive solution for roofing systems of buildings and structures are regulatory recommendations and design rules based on classical classification criteria and recommendations of manufacturers of materials, which, as a rule, are compiled according to European requirements. The contradiction of some provisions leads to errors when choosing a roofing system and, as a result, a significant increase in the cost of the waterproofing coating device. In addition, the variety of geometric shapes and sizes of spatial curved coatings leads to the need to make a choice taking into account many other specific design features. Unlike the existing classifications, in which the division of roofing systems is carried out on the basis of the waterproofing coating materials used, methods of work or the slope of the roof, the developed comprehensive classification allows you to combine existing types of coatings and take into account all the variety of shapes and structures when choosing a constructive solution for the roofing system of a building and a structure with a curved coating.
Keywords: roofing system, classification structure, structural solutions, spatial curved coatings.
Valery Bratchun, Nikita Leonov, Valentin Demeschkin, Evgeny Protasov,
Bogdan Bronevsky, Roman Kuznetsov
Cold Tar-Concrete Mixtures with Adjustable Terms of Structure Formation for the Installation of the Lower Layers of Non-Rigid Road Pavements of Highways
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. In this paper, we develop ideas about the effective structuring of low-viscosity coal tar road tars in the composition of cold tar-concrete mixtures of polycondensations of polyurethane during the interaction of diisocyanates (OCNRNCO) with compounds that contain at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, in particular, phthalic anhydride (PDA) distillation bottoms. Using the method of experimental-statistical modeling, the compositions and temperature regimes for the production of complex-modified cold tar concrete were optimized: production temperature 50…55 °C; mass concentration of polyisocyanate 4…6 %; mass concentration of VAT distillation residues of phthalic anhydride 10…15 %. It has been established that modified cold tar concrete goes through three stages of structure formation. For four hours, the mixture retains technological properties. At the second stage, the polyisocyanate reacts with phenol-containing compounds of coal tar and functional groups of distillation bottoms of phthalic anhydride. A three-dimensional grid is formed with nodes from particles of the active dispersed filler ODA and flexible chains from resinous compounds of the coal binder. The third stage is the stabilization of the structure, physical and mechanical properties of the modified tar concrete. Modified cold tar concrete in terms of quality significantly exceeds the indicators of hot tar concrete (GOST 25877).
Keywords: cold tar concrete, coal binder, diisocyanate, structuring, properties of modified tar concrete.
Tatiana Stepanenko
Study of the Efficiency of the Surface Water Treatment Process Using the Concentrated Coagulation Method
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The safety of water supply to the population plays an important role in the public utilities of the city. The state of the environment and human health depends on the quality of the water used. The most commonly used in practice is the process of coagulation treatment of natural and waste waters. In some cases, it is accompanied by problems of deterioration in the quality of treated water. These problems are caused by the increased content of metal and aluminum compounds in purified water. In order to improve the environmental safety of the water used in the work, studies were carried out on the influence of the distribution of flows of purified water between the main and bypass channels during concentrated coagulation. Experimentally, the dependences of the content of aluminum compounds in purified water were obtained during the periods: cold, during the period of flowering of reservoirs. Also, the coagulation process was studied during the flood period due to the fact that during such periods it becomes necessary to use increased doses of coagulants. As a result, the residual content of metal and aluminum compounds in purified water increases.
Keywords: coagulant, bypass channel, aluminum compounds, concentration, concentrated coagulation.